Civil Engineering Terminology

Cheatsheet Content

Bearing A bearing is a machine element that constrains relative motion to only the desired motion, and reduces friction between moving parts. In civil engineering, it often refers to structural bearings that support loads and allow movement (e.g., expansion/contraction) between parts of a structure like bridges or buildings. Load Support Component A component is a part or element of a larger whole. In engineering, it refers to any individual functional unit or part that contributes to the overall structure or system. For example, a beam, a column, or a bolt are components of a building structure. System C1 C2 Electromagnetic Electromagnetic refers to phenomena or technologies related to the interaction of electric currents or fields and magnetic fields. In civil engineering, this might be relevant for sensors, non-destructive testing, or the operation of certain machinery, though less direct than other fields. E-field B-field Gears Gears are rotating machine parts having cut teeth, which mesh with another toothed part to transmit torque and motion. They are used in heavy machinery, construction equipment, and mechanical systems to change the speed, torque, or direction of power transmission. Lubricant A lubricant is a substance (oil, grease, etc.) introduced between two moving surfaces to reduce friction, heat generation, and wear. It's crucial for the maintenance and efficient operation of machinery used in construction, such as engines, hydraulic systems, and rotating parts. Lubricant Surface 1 Surface 2 Remote control Remote control refers to the operation of a machine or system from a distance, typically using wireless signals. In civil engineering, this is increasingly used for operating drones for surveying, heavy machinery in hazardous environments, or automated construction equipment to enhance safety and efficiency. Controller Machine Sheave A sheave (pronounced "shiv") is a wheel with a grooved rim, especially one used as part of a pulley or block. It is commonly found in cranes, hoists, and cable-supported structures to guide ropes or cables and change the direction of force. Rope/Cable Solar Solar refers to anything related to the sun, especially the use of its energy. In civil engineering, this includes solar panels for energy generation in buildings, solar water heating systems, or passive solar design principles to optimize natural light and heat in structures. Solar Panel Foundation A foundation is the lowest part of a structure that transfers the load from the structure to the underlying soil or rock. It's a critical element ensuring the stability and safety of buildings, bridges, and other civil engineering works. Structure Foundation Soil Wind load Wind load refers to the forces exerted by wind on a structure. Civil engineers must design buildings, bridges, and other structures to safely resist these forces, which can cause uplift, overturning, or excessive swaying. Calculations involve wind speed, structure shape, and exposure. Wind Structure