b) Artha
c) Karma
d) Moksha
Solution: c) Karma. The four Purusharthas are Dharma, Artha, Kama, and Moksha.

Question: The concept of "Nishkama Karma" primarily emphasizes:
a) Performing actions with a desire for heavenly rewards.
b) Renouncing all actions and living a life of meditation.
c) Fulfilling one's duty without attachment to the results.
d) Prioritizing personal gain over societal well-being.
Solution: c) Fulfilling one's duty without attachment to the results.

Question: According to Jaina ethics, the "Three Jewels" (Triratna) that lead to liberation are:
a) Ahimsa, Satya, Asteya
b) Right View, Right Resolve, Right Speech
c) Right Faith, Right Knowledge, Right Conduct
d) Dharma, Artha, Kama
Solution: c) Right Faith, Right Knowledge, Right Conduct (Samyak Darshana, Samyak Jnana, Samyak Charitra).

Question: Which of the following is NOT one of the Four Noble Truths in Buddhism?
a) The truth of suffering (Dukkha).
b) The truth of the origin of suffering (Dukkha Samudaya).
c) The truth of the impermanence of the soul (Anatta).
d) The truth of the path to the cessation of suffering (Dukkha Nirodha Marga).
Solution: c) The truth of the impermanence of the soul (Anatta). While Anatta is a core Buddhist doctrine, it is not one of the Four Noble Truths themselves.

Question: Gandhi's philosophy of "Sarvodaya" advocates for:
a) The greatest good of the greatest number.
b) The development and well-being of all, especially the weakest.
c) Centralization of political power for efficient governance.
d) Industrialization as the primary means of economic progress.
Solution: b) The development and well-being of all, especially the weakest.

Question: "Wealth Without Work" is one of Gandhi's 'Seven Sins'. This principle highlights:
a) The importance of earning wealth through honest labor.
b) The need for charity and philanthropy by the rich.
c) The spiritual value of renouncing all material possessions.
d) The idea that wealth is inherently evil.
Solution: a) The importance of earning wealth through honest labor.

Question: In the context of Vishesha Dharma, which Ashrama (stage of life) is primarily focused on fulfilling social and family responsibilities?
a) Brahmacharya
b) Grihastha
c) Vanaprastha
d) Sannyasa
Solution: b) Grihastha.

Question: The Jaina vow of "Aparigraha" means:
a) Non-stealing
b) Non-violence
c) Non-possessiveness
d) Truthfulness
Solution: c) Non-possessiveness.

Question: Which of the following concepts is central to Gandhi's idea of "Trusteeship"?
a) Wealth should be confiscated by the state and redistributed.
b) Capitalists should act as custodians of their wealth for the benefit of society.
c) All forms of private property are illegitimate.
d) Workers should violently overthrow the capitalist class.
Solution: b) Capitalists should act as custodians of their wealth for the benefit of society.

Question: The Buddhist Noble Eightfold Path is broadly categorized into:
a) Karma, Bhakti, Jnana
b) Wisdom, Morality, Concentration
c) Dharma, Artha, Kama
d) Faith, Hope, Charity
Solution: b) Wisdom (Prajna), Morality (Sila), Concentration (Samadhi). (Right View & Right Resolve for Wisdom; Right Speech, Right Conduct, Right Liv