1. Greetings & Introductions Formal: "Good morning/afternoon/evening." "How do you do?" (Less common, formal) "It's a pleasure to meet you." Informal: "Hi/Hello." "Hey!" "How are you doing?" / "How's it going?" "What's up?" / "Sup?" (Very informal) Introducing yourself: "I'm [Your Name]." "My name is [Your Name]." Introducing others: "This is [Person's Name]." "I'd like to introduce you to [Person's Name]." 2. Asking & Giving Information Asking for details: "Could you tell me about...?" "What is...?" / "Who is...?" / "Where is...?" / "When is...?" / "Why is...?" / "How is...?" "Do you know...?" "I was wondering if you could explain..." Giving information: "It's about..." / "It's located at..." "The reason is..." "I think/believe that..." "From my perspective..." Confirming: "Is that correct?" "So, you mean...?" "Just to clarify..." 3. Expressing Opinions & Agreement/Disagreement Expressing opinion: "I think/feel that..." "In my opinion..." "From my point of view..." "It seems to me that..." Agreeing: "I agree." / "I totally agree." "That's a good point." "Exactly." / "You're right." "I couldn't agree more." Disagreeing (politely): "I'm not sure I agree." "I see your point, but..." "On the other hand..." "I respectfully disagree." "I'm afraid I don't share that view." 4. Making Requests & Offers Making requests: "Could you please...?" "Would you mind (+ verb-ing)...?" "Can I ask you to...?" "I'd appreciate it if you could..." Responding to requests: "Certainly." / "Of course." "No problem." "I'd be happy to." "I'm sorry, but I can't." Making offers: "Can I help you?" "Would you like some help?" "Let me know if you need anything." "I can (+ verb)... if you like." Accepting/Declining offers: "Yes, please." / "That would be great." "No, thank you." / "I'm fine, thanks." 5. Apologies & Thanks Apologizing: "I'm sorry." / "I'm so sorry." "My apologies." "I apologize for..." "Excuse me for..." Accepting apology: "That's alright." "No worries." "Don't worry about it." Thanking: "Thank you." / "Thanks." "Thank you very much." "I really appreciate it." "That's very kind of you." Responding to thanks: "You're welcome." "No problem." / "No worries." "My pleasure." "Anytime." 6. Ending Conversations Closing: "Well, it was good talking to you." "I should get going." "I'm afraid I have to run." "It was nice meeting you." Saying goodbye: "Goodbye." / "Bye." "See you later." / "Talk to you soon." "Have a good day/evening." "Take care." 7. Common Phrasal Verbs Call off: cancel ($The meeting was called off.$) Carry on: continue ($Please carry on with your work.$) Find out: discover ($I need to find out more information.$) Give up: stop trying ($Don't give up on your dreams.$) Look forward to: anticipate with pleasure ($I look forward to hearing from you.$) Pick up: collect ($Can you pick up the groceries?$); learn ($I picked up some Spanish.$) Put off: postpone ($Let's put off the decision until tomorrow.$) Take off: depart (plane); remove clothing ($The plane took off.$) Turn up: arrive ($He didn't turn up for the meeting.$) Work out: solve a problem; exercise ($We need to work out a solution.$) 8. Small Talk Topics Weather: "It's a beautiful day, isn't it?" Current Events (general, non-controversial): "Did you hear about the new park opening?" Hobbies/Interests: "Do you have any plans for the weekend?" Work/Studies: "How's your project coming along?" Travel: "Have you traveled anywhere interesting lately?" Food/Restaurants: "Have you tried that new cafe down the street?"