Light Vocabulary

Cheatsheet Content

### Light Vocabulary This section covers essential vocabulary related to light. #### Nouns - **light** /laɪt/ (n.) 光 - *Example:* The **light** from the sun is essential for life on Earth. (太阳发出的光对地球上的生命至关重要。) - **photon** /ˈfoʊtɒn/ (n.) 光子 - *Example:* A **photon** is a fundamental particle of light. (光子是光的 L 基本粒子。) - **spectrum** /ˈspɛktrəm/ (n.) 光谱 - *Example:* Visible **light** is only a small part of the electromagnetic **spectrum**. (可见光只是电磁波谱的一小部分。) - **wavelength** /ˈweɪvˌlɛŋθ/ (n.) 波长 - *Example:* Different colors of light have different **wavelengths**. (不同颜色的光有不同的波长。) - **frequency** /ˈfriːkwənsi/ (n.) 频率 - *Example:* Wavelength and **frequency** are inversely related. (波长和频率成反比。) - **intensity** /ɪnˈtɛnsɪti/ (n.) 强度 - *Example:* The **intensity** of the light source affects the brightness. (光源的强度影响亮度。) - **refraction** /rɪˈfrækʃən/ (n.) 折射 - *Example:* The bending of light as it passes from air to water is called **refraction**. (光从空气进入水中时发生的弯曲称为折射。) - **reflection** /rɪˈflɛkʃən/ (n.) 反射 - *Example:* Mirrors work by the **reflection** of light. (镜子通过光的反射来成像。) - **absorption** /əbˈzɔːrpʃən/ (n.) 吸收 - *Example:* Dark surfaces are good at **absorption** of light. (深色表面善于吸收光线。) - **emission** /ɪˈmɪʃən/ (n.) 发射 - *Example:* The **emission** of light from a star can be observed. (可以观测到恒星发出的光。) - **prism** /ˈprɪzəm/ (n.) 棱镜 - *Example:* A **prism** can split white light into its constituent colors. (棱镜可以将白光分解成其组成颜色。) - **lens** /lɛnz/ (n.) 透镜 - *Example:* Cameras use a **lens** to focus light. (相机使用L透镜来聚焦光线。) - **mirror** /ˈmɪrər/ (n.) 镜子 - *Example:* A **mirror** reflects light to form an image. (镜子反射光线形成图像。) - **radiation** /ˌreɪdiˈeɪʃən/ (n.) 辐射 - *Example:* Electromagnetic **radiation** includes visible light, X-rays, and radio waves. (电磁辐射包括可见光、X射线和无线电波。) - **luminosity** /ˌluːmɪˈnɒsɪti/ (n.) 发光度，亮度 - *Example:* The **luminosity** of a star is its total energy output per unit time. (恒星的光度是其每单位时间发出的总能量。) #### Verbs - **emit** /ɪˈmɪt/ (v.) 发出，辐射 - *Example:* Hot objects **emit** infrared light. (炽热的物体会发出红外线。) - **reflect** /rɪˈflɛkt/ (v.) 反射 - *Example:* Smooth surfaces **reflect** light well. (光滑的表面能很好地反射光线。) - **refract** /rɪˈfrækt/ (v.) 折射 - *Example:* Water can **refract** light, making objects appear distorted. (水可以折射光线，使物体看起来变形。) - **absorb** /əbˈzɔːrb/ (v.) 吸收 - *Example:* Plants **absorb** sunlight for photosynthesis. (植物吸收阳光进行光合作用。) - **transmit** /trænzˈmɪt/ (v.) 传输，透射 - *Example:* Glass can **transmit** visible light. (玻璃可以透射可见光。) - **diffract** /dɪˈfrækt/ (v.) 衍射 - *Example:* Light waves can **diffract** around obstacles. (光波可以绕过障碍物发生衍射。) #### Adjectives - **visible** /ˈvɪzɪbəl/ (adj.) 可见的 - *Example:* Only a small portion of the electromagnetic spectrum is **visible** to the human eye. (电磁波谱中只有一小部分是人眼可见的。) - **invisible** /ɪnˈvɪzɪbəl/ (adj.) 看不见的 - *Example:* Ultraviolet light is **invisible** to humans. (紫外线对人类来说是不可见的。) - **transparent** /trænsˈpɛrənt/ (adj.) 透明的 - *Example:* Glass is a **transparent** material. (玻璃是一种透明材料。) - **translucent** /trænsˈluːsənt/ (adj.) 半透明的 - *Example:* Frosted glass is **translucent**, allowing some light to pass through. (磨砂玻璃是半透明的，允许一些光线通过。) - **opaque** /oʊˈpeɪk/ (adj.) 不透明的 - *Example:* Wood is an **opaque** material. (木材是一种不透明材料。) - **luminous** /ˈluːmɪnəs/ (adj.) 发光的 - *Example:* The sun is a **luminous** body. (太阳是一个发光体。) - **infrared** /ˌɪnfrəˈrɛd/ (adj.) 红外线的 - *Example:* Remote controls use **infrared** signals. (遥控器使用红外信号。) - **ultraviolet** /ˌʌltrəˈvaɪəlɪt/ (adj.) 紫外线的 - *Example:* Sunscreen protects against **ultraviolet** radiation. (防晒霜可以抵御紫外线辐射。) - **monochromatic** /ˌmɒnəˌkroʊˈmætɪk/ (adj.) 单色的 - *Example:* Laser light is typically **monochromatic**. (激光通常是单色的。)