,"$undefined"]}]]}]}]}] 2f:Tfa3,

A situation presenting conflicting moral principles or values.
Individual must make a difficult ethical decision.
Example: Heinz Dilemma (stealing medicine to save a life vs. respecting property).

Moral reasoning based on external consequences.
Focus: Self-interest, avoiding punishment, gaining rewards.
Stage 1: Obedience and Punishment Orientation
- Morality is external to the self.
- Actions are judged by direct consequences.
- "Might makes right."
Stage 2: Individualism and Exchange (Instrumental Relativist)
- Awareness that others have different interests.
- Right is what satisfies one's own needs, and sometimes others'.
- "You scratch my back, I'll scratch yours."

Moral reasoning based on social rules and expectations.
Focus: Conforming to norms, maintaining social order, gaining approval.
Stage 3: Good Interpersonal Relationships (Good Boy/Nice Girl)
- Living up to expectations of others.
- Importance of loyalty, trust, and affection.
- Desire to be seen as "good."
Stage 4: Maintaining Social Order (Law and Order)
- Focus on obeying laws and social conventions.
- Duty to uphold laws for the good of society.
- Law is seen as absolute.

Moral reasoning based on abstract principles and universal ethical standards.
Focus: Individual rights, justice, human dignity.
Stage 5: Social Contract and Individual Rights
- Laws are seen as social contracts that can be changed.
- Recognizes that laws should protect individual rights.
- Democratic principles are important.
Stage 6: Universal Ethical Principles
- Moral reasoning based on abstract, universal ethical principles.
- Conscience is the ultimate guide, even if it conflicts with law.
- Principles like justice, equality, and human dignity.

Kohlberg's theory is more comprehensive than Piaget's two-stage theory.
Kohlberg focused on moral reasoning, while Piaget focused on cognitive development impacting moral judgment.

28:["$","main",null,{"className":"pt-[57px]","children":["$",