Complexity Syntax is harder. Syntax is easy to learn, write, and read. Memory-management Programmer handles memory management. Automatic garbage collector. Applications Generally for hardware-related applications. General-Purpose programming language. Built-in functions Limited number of built-in functions. Large library of built-in functions. Implementing Data Structures Requires explicit implementation. Ease of implementation with built-in insert, append.

Python Comments

Lines ignored by the interpreter, enhancing code readability and understanding.

Types of Comments

Single-Line Comments: Start with # and last till the end of the line.

# This is a single-line comment
print("Hello World") # This is also a comment

Multiline Comments: String literals not assigned to a variable can act as comments. Often achieved with triple quotes.
```
"""
This is a multiline comment.
It can span multiple lines.
"""
print("Multiline comments example")
```

Python Variables

Variables are names referring to memory locations, acting as identifiers to hold values.

Python is an infer language; no explicit type declaration is needed.
Variable names consist of letters, digits, and underscores, but must start with a letter or an underscore.
Recommended to use lowercase letters (e.g., my_variable).
Case-sensitive (Rahul and rahul are different).

Identifier Naming Rules

First character: alphabet (a-z, A-Z) or underscore (_).
Subsequent characters: alphabet, digit (0-9), or underscore.
No white-space or special characters (!, @, #, %, ^, &, *).
Cannot be a keyword.
Examples:
- Valid: a123, _n, n_9
- Invalid: 1a, n%4, n 9

Declaring Variables and Assigning Values

Variables are created when a value is assigned using the = operator.

x = 50 # Python automatically declares x as an integer

Multiple Assignments

Assigning values to multiple variables in a single statement.

Single value to multiple variables:

x = y = z = 50
print(x) # Output: 50
print(y) # Output: 50
print(z) # Output: 50

Multiple values to multiple variables:

a, b, c = 5, 10, 15
print(a) # Output: 5
print(b) # Output: 10
print(c) # Output: 15

Python Data Types

Python is dynamically typed; the interpreter binds values to their types implicitly. The type() function returns a variable's type.

a = 10
b = "Hi Python"
c = 10.5
print(type(a)) # Output: <class 'int'>
print(type(b)) # Output: <class 'str'>
print(type(c)) # Output: <class 'float'>

Built-in Data Types

Integral to the language, provided by the interpreter.

int: Integers (e.g., $1, -5, 1000$).
float: Floating-point numbers (e.g., $3.14, -0.5, 2.0$).
str: Strings of characters (e.g., "Hello, World!", 'Python')