Basic Navigation & Selection Arrow Keys: Move one cell. Enter: Move down one cell (default). Shift + Enter: Move up one cell. Tab: Move right one cell. Shift + Tab: Move left one cell. Ctrl + Arrow: Move to edge of data region. Ctrl + Home: Go to cell A1. Ctrl + End: Go to last cell with data. Shift + Arrow: Select adjacent cells. Ctrl + Shift + Arrow: Select to edge of data. Ctrl + A: Select all (current region/worksheet). Data Entry & Editing F2: Edit active cell. Esc: Cancel cell entry/edit. Ctrl + Z: Undo. Ctrl + Y: Redo. Ctrl + C: Copy. Ctrl + X: Cut. Ctrl + V: Paste. Ctrl + D: Fill Down (copy from cell above). Ctrl + R: Fill Right (copy from cell left). Delete: Clear cell contents. Backspace: Delete character to the left. Formatting Ctrl + B: Bold. Ctrl + I: Italic. Ctrl + U: Underline. Ctrl + 1: Format Cells dialog box. Ctrl + Shift + $: Currency format. Ctrl + Shift + %: Percentage format. Ctrl + Shift + #: Date format. Ctrl + Shift + @: Time format. Ctrl + Shift + !: Number format with 2 decimal places and thousands separator. Formulas & Functions All formulas start with = Relative Reference: A1 (changes when copied) Absolute Reference: $A$1 (stays fixed) Mixed Reference: $A1 or A$1 F4: Toggle reference types in formula bar. Basic Operators: + , - , * , / , ^ (exponent) Common Functions: SUM(range) : Adds values. AVERAGE(range) : Calculates mean. COUNT(range) : Counts numbers. COUNTA(range) : Counts non-empty cells. MAX(range) : Finds maximum value. MIN(range) : Finds minimum value. IF(logical_test, value_if_true, value_if_false) VLOOKUP(lookup_value, table_array, col_index_num, [range_lookup]) HLOOKUP(lookup_value, table_array, row_index_num, [range_lookup]) INDEX(array, row_num, [col_num]) MATCH(lookup_value, lookup_array, [match_type]) CONCATENATE(text1, [text2], ...) or text1 & text2 Worksheet Management Ctrl + Page Up/Down: Switch between worksheets. Shift + F11: Insert new worksheet. Ctrl + K: Insert hyperlink. F12: Save As. Ctrl + S: Save. Ctrl + P: Print. Data Tools Sort: Data Tab > Sort & Filter group. Filter: Data Tab > Sort & Filter group (Ctrl + Shift + L). Text to Columns: Data Tab > Data Tools group. Remove Duplicates: Data Tab > Data Tools group. Data Validation: Data Tab > Data Tools group. Flash Fill: Data Tab > Data Tools group (Ctrl + E). Charts Select data, then go to Insert Tab > Charts group . Recommended Charts: Excel suggests chart types. Common types: Column, Bar, Line, Pie, Scatter. Conditional Formatting Home Tab > Styles group > Conditional Formatting. Highlight Cells Rules (e.g., Greater Than, Text That Contains). Top/Bottom Rules (e.g., Top 10 Items, Above Average). Data Bars, Color Scales, Icon Sets. New Rule / Manage Rules for advanced options. PivotTables Select data range. Insert Tab > Tables group > PivotTable. Drag fields to Rows, Columns, Values, Filters areas. Values: Default to SUM for numbers, COUNT for text. Right-click on value field to change Summarize Value By (e.g., Average, Count). Right-click on value field to show values as (e.g., % of Grand Total). Keyboard Shortcuts Summary Action Shortcut Undo Ctrl + Z Save Ctrl + S Copy Ctrl + C Paste Ctrl + V Cut Ctrl + X Find Ctrl + F Replace Ctrl + H Go To Ctrl + G or F5 Format Cells Ctrl + 1 Edit Cell F2 Insert Function Shift + F3 Calculate Sheet F9 Toggle Absolute Ref. F4 New Workbook Ctrl + N Open Workbook Ctrl + O Close Workbook Ctrl + W Print Ctrl + P Insert Row/Column Ctrl + Shift + + Delete Row/Column Ctrl + -