Halide Ion Identification
Shared 1/28/2026•21 views
### Aim To identify chloride, bromide, and iodide ions from given salts. ### Apparatus and Chemicals - **Apparatus:** Test Tubes, Test Tube Stand - **Chemicals:** Silver nitrate ($\text{AgNO}_3$), Potassium chloride ($\text{KCl}$), Potassium bromide ($\text{KBr}$), Potassium iodide ($\text{KI}$) solutions. ### Procedure 1. Take three test tubes and label them A, B, and C. 2. Add approximately 5ml of Potassium chloride solution to test tube A. 3. Add approximately 5ml of Potassium bromide solution to test tube B. 4. Add approximately 5ml of Potassium iodide solution to test tube C. 5. Add about 5ml of Silver nitrate solution to each test tube and stir. 6. Place the test tubes on the stand and observe the changes (precipitate formation and color). ### Observations | Test Tube | Chemical Reaction | Colour of Precipitate | Ion Identified | | :-------- | :------------------------------------------------------------- | :-------------------- | :------------- | | A | $\text{KCl} + \text{AgNO}_3 \rightarrow \text{KNO}_3 + \text{AgCl} \downarrow$ | White | Chloride ($\text{Cl}^-$) | | B | $\text{KBr} + \text{AgNO}_3 \rightarrow \text{KNO}_3 + \text{AgBr} \downarrow$ | Light Yellow | Bromide ($\text{Br}^-$) | | C | $\text{KI} + \text{AgNO}_3 \rightarrow \text{KNO}_3 + \text{AgI} \downarrow$ | Bright Yellow | Iodide ($\text{I}^-$) | ### Inference / Conclusion 1. Ions are precipitated in all three reactions in the experiment, forming insoluble silver halides. 2. Elements in the halogen family (Group 17) in the periodic table show similarities in their chemical properties, such as forming precipitates with silver ions. 3. All halogens (chlorine, bromine, iodine) exhibit a valency of one. 4. The reactions observed are examples of double displacement reactions, not decomposition reactions.